When Beijinger Jacqueline Li first heard one of her favorite luxury department stores in the city was closing, she was shocked — until she considered how Chinese spending habits have changed in recent years.

The closure of France’s Galeries Lafayette in the Chinese capital on Wednesday takes place against the backdrop of a sluggish post-pandemic economy and shifting consumption practices.

It is the latest sign foreign luxury brands might not retain the pull — and the cashflow — that they counted on in the world’s second-largest economy in the 2010s.