The more Yoriko Kitagawa learns of a massive data center to be built near her home in Hino on the outskirts of Tokyo, the more she worries.

“This is a terrible plan,” the 94-year-old said.

The explosion in resource-hungry data centers — housing the hardware “brains” of artificial intelligence — is fueling unease worldwide, with New York State and Australia the latest jurisdictions to announce new rules.