U.S. President Donald Trump’s decision to go to war with Iran has cost U.S. taxpayers $38 billion in direct expenses during the first five months of fighting and will push inflation up about 0.5 percentage points by early next year, a new congressional study has found.

The cost includes replacing expended munitions and equipment lost in battle, increased flying hours and increased fuel costs, the U.S. Congressional Budget Office (CBO)?said in a letter Tuesday to U.S. Rep. Brendan Boyle of Pennsylvania, the top Democrat on the House Budget Committee.

The CBO estimate is in line with U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth’s testimony to Congress in July that the war had cost $37.5 billion at that point. Every additional month of conflict will cost at least $2 billion to $3 billion more.